Abstract
This study examines how electoral fraud and violence contribute to political and economic instability in Nigeria. Electoral malpractice is defined as the illegal and coercive interference in electoral processes, leading to the manipulation of outcomes. Such practices undermine confidence in Nigeria's democratic system and erode trust in electoral results. The study explores the nature and manifestations of electoral malpractice in Nigeria, with key objectives to: (1) assess whether electoral fraud threatens political and economic stability, and (2) establish the relationship between electoral fraud and societal disorder. Anchored in Neo-Institutional Accountability Theory as the theoretical framework, the research employs a qualitative approach, relying primarily on secondary data sources. Findings indicate that electoral malpractice significantly impedes democratic consolidation and poses a severe threat
to Nigeria's political and economic stability. Additionally, a clear link between electoral fraud and social disorder is identified. The study recommends comprehensive reforms to the Electoral Act of 2022, alongside strengthening judicial independence and electoral laws to enhance transparency and accountability.